Cities

For the first time Cherkassy was mentioned in 1394, when the settlement had already been fortified city at Southern boarders of Kyiv land. Now it is administrative, economic, scientific and cultural center of Cherkassy oblast. There are following sights: Cherkassy Musical College, Cherkassy Regional Museum, Park of 50 Anniversary of October, Sviato-Mikhailovskyi Cathedral, T.G. Shevchenko Museum and others.

Nobody knows for sure when Cherkassy has appeared. In times of Kyiv Rus it was the most Southern boarder of the country, where buffer tribes of “frontier guards” were specially settled. They took first strikes of nomadic tribes. They were called “cherkasy” which resembles to later “cherkesy”. There is a Hill of Glory with the monument “Motherland” at the place of ancient settlement. Zamkovaya gora was simply disfigures by strict geometric forms during the construction of the monument. The rest of Cherkassy fortress of XVI century and Sviato-Troitskaya Church were also destroyed. Now there is only the view on fluxes of Kremenchug Reservoire and Bogdan Khmelnitsky park.

By the way, the culture of the Ukrainian Cossacks began to form exactly here in XV century and then during centuries it spread on the significant part of Ukraine and strengthened to the kind of autonomy and actually formed the state-republic with the form of ruling close to modern democracies but with the military inclinations. The supreme leader – Hetman – elected by all the people, Cossacks radas were a kind of parliament. There was even own, invented by former clerk Pylyp Orlyk in 1710, Constitution – the first in the world! That is why it is not strange that Chercassy became of the Liberation War centers. Here Khmelnytskyi prepared the union with Russia. The copy of the first Bogdan’s letter to Russia Tsar Aleksei Mikhailovich, together with Cossacks banners, arms and maps presented in the Regional Museum (1, Slavy Street). The monument to Hetman has been installed recently at the vry long Shevchenko Boulevard. This boulevard like an arrow splits the city from West to East.